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Industries OverviewThe company's products are primarily used in industrial equipment sectors such as nuclear power, petroleum, petrochemicals, chemical engineering, power generation, automotive manufacturing, shipbuilding, fertilizer production, pharmaceuticals, papermaking, sugar refining, and machinery manufacturing. -
Products & SolutionsOur Products: Ferrous metal ore raw materials (nickel ore, ferronickel, ferrochrome, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, etc.), seamless pipes, welded pipes, medium-thick plates, plate coils, bars, wire rods, wire coils, pipe fittings, flanges, castings, etc. -
CommunityThe company has established an excellent reputation within the industry through its strong credibility, comprehensive services, and ample resources. -
Process VisualizationThe company's products are primarily used in industrial equipment sectors such as nuclear power, petroleum, petrochemicals, chemical engineering, power generation, automotive, shipbuilding, fertilizer production, pharmaceuticals, papermaking, sugar refining, and machinery manufacturing. -
About UsTsisco Industrial Ltd. was established in 2010. Originating from the Tsingshan ecosystem’s Shanghai platform, the company now operates independently and focuses on global supply-chain integration, distribution, and import/export of steel and alloy materials. We achieved ISO 9001 certification from TÜV Rheinland in 2012, and ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and ISO 45001 certifications from LRQA in 2022. These accreditations underpin continuous improvement and stable performance in quality, environment, and occupational health & safety.
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Products & Solutions
Water Treatment Steel（including pipes, fittings, flanges and structural）
Water Treatment Steel（including pipes, fittings, flanges and structural）
Water Treatment Steel（including pipes, fittings, flanges and structural）｜Global Sourcing for Engineering & Procurement
1. Product Positioning and Scope
1. Positioning: For raw water intake, transmission and distribution, process piping, chemical dosing and disinfection, sludge and reclaimed-water systems in drinking-water and wastewater plants, plus plant steel structures and accessories. Covers carbon and low-alloy steel, ductile iron, stainless and duplex stainless, cu-ni and titanium for seawater critical points, and lining/coating systems paired with steel pipelines.
2. Media and environment: Chloride-bearing clean water and reuse water, sodium hypochlorite and chlorine, ozone and chlorine dioxide, acid/alkali dosing liquids, sand-laden sludge and slurries, seawater/brine, buried and coastal high-salt-spray exposure.
3. Deliverables: Straight pipes, butt-weld fittings (elbows/tees/reducers), AWWA flanges and EN/ASME flanges, valve spools, lining and coating packages, field-assembly pieces and prefabricated spools (incl. maintenance pieces and sampling ports).
2. Standards Matrix (Grouped by Material and Use)
Project-specific specifications prevail. Use the leading authority in each standard family for cross-regional alignment.
1. Steel water and process pipelines
— Pipes and fittings: AWWA C200 (welded steel water pipe), AWWA C208 (steel fittings); in Europe use EN 10224 (water pipe), EN 10217-1 (pressure welded pipe); China references GB/T 3091 (welded) and GB/T 8163 (seamless) with water-sector QA addenda in the spec.
— Flanges and connections: AWWA C207 (water-works flanges), EN 1092-1 (PN series), ASME B16.5/B16.47 (Class series); grooved joints per AWWA C606.
— Linings and coatings: AWWA C205 (cement-mortar lining), AWWA C210 (liquid epoxy), AWWA C213 (FBE), AWWA C222 (polyurethane). Tape sleeves per AWWA C214/C215/C216/C217; 3-layer PE systems per project (ISO 21809/DIN 30670) where specified.
— Welding and inspection: Field welding per AWWA C206 with procedure qualification per ASME IX; holiday testing per AMPP/NACE SP0188; mill certificates per EN 10204 3.1/3.2.
2. Ductile iron systems
— Pipe and lining: AWWA C151 (ductile-iron pipe), AWWA C104 (cement-mortar lining); international equivalence ISO 2531/EN 545.
— Fittings and joints: AWWA C110/C153 (fittings), AWWA C111 (rubber-gasketed joints).
3. Stainless and duplex systems
— Pipe and plate: ASTM A312 (austenitic seamless and welded), ASTM A778 (as-welded thin-wall), ASTM A790 (duplex), ASTM A240 (plate); dimensional series per ASME B36.19 (stainless) and ASME B36.10 (carbon steel).
— Fittings and flanges: ASTM A403 (stainless BW fittings), ASTM A815 (duplex fittings), ASTM A182 (stainless/duplex flanges); pickling and passivation per ASTM A380/A967; tolerances per ISO 1127 (select D/T class).
— Potable-water compliance: NSF/ANSI 61 and 372, or regional equivalents (WRAS/ACS/KIWA/KTW-BWGL).
4. Composites and plastics (for chemical-dosing/anti-corrosion branches, with steel-system interface compatibility)
— HDPE: AWWA C906 (PE4710), ISO 4427.
— PVC/CPVC: AWWA C900 (pressure PVC; legacy C905 integrated), CPVC typically to ASTM F441/F439.
— FRP/GRP: AWWA C950 (fiberglass pressure pipe).
3. Scenario–Material–Standard–Size Mapping (Textual Quick Match)
1. Raw and potable transmission mains (buried or on racks)
— Material & standards: Steel AWWA C200 with C205 lining and C213 or 3-layer external coating; or ductile iron AWWA C151 with C104 lining.
— Size & rating: Typically DN 600 to >DN 3000; pressure/thickness by AWWA C150/C200 calculations; ends BW/flanged/grooved (AWWA C606).
2. Plant clean-water and reuse headers (aboveground)
— Material & standards: Steel C200 with C210 (potable epoxy) or C222 (PU); stainless 304L/316L per ASTM A312; flanges AWWA C207 or EN 1092-1 PN.
— Size & tolerance: Typically DN 150–DN 1200; stainless tolerances ISO 1127 D2/D3 with T2/T3.
3. Sodium hypochlorite and chlorinated streams (strong oxidants)
— Material & standards: Prefer CPVC (ASTM F441) or PVDF, or FRP (AWWA C950); metallic branches use 2205/2507 (ASTM A790) with limits on temperature and residual chlorine; avoid crevices/stagnation.
— Size & details: Typically DN 15–DN 150; gaskets PTFE; elastomers EPDM/FKM.
4. Ozone and chlorine dioxide systems
— Material & standards: 316L or 2205 (ASTM A312/A790) with PTFE gaskets; PVDF/FRP are acceptable alternatives.
— Size & details: Typically DN 25–DN 300; facing roughness per gasket supplier.
5. Sludge and high-solids slurries
— Material & standards: Thick-wall carbon steel (AWWA C200) lined with rubber/PU/ceramic, or HDPE (AWWA C906); reinforce elbows and throttling points.
— Size & hydraulics: Typically DN 150–DN 800; design minimum velocity 1.5–2.0 m/s to resist deposition.
6. Seawater desalination intake/outfall and cooling
— Material & standards: Duplex 2205/2507 (ASTM A790) or FRP (AWWA C950); exchangers and critical services use Ti Gr.2 (ASTM B338) and cu-ni (ASTM B111/B466).
— Size & rating: Typically DN 300–DN 2500; flanges EN 1092-1 PN16–PN40 or AWWA C207 Class D/E.
7. Hygienic and ultra-pure branches
— Material & standards: 316L to ASME BPE with EP/BA finishes; surface roughness to BPE SF grades; gaskets per FDA/USP-VI.
— Size & joints: OD 6–76.2 mm; fittings per BPE/ISO 2852.
8. Plant structures and pipe racks
— Material & standards: Structural steel per project/region; protective coating systems per ISO 12944 with enhanced durability for coastal splash/immersion zones.
4. Size Range and Tolerances (Per Standards; Project to Quantify)
1. Steel water pipe (AWWA C200): DN 400 to >DN 4000; thickness by design; typical 6–12 m lengths; C205 or C210/C222 lining; C213 or 3-layer external coating; BW/flanged/grooved ends. Dimensional tolerances, out-of-round and straightness per C200 and contract.
2. Ductile iron (AWWA C151/ISO 2531/EN 545): Wall by pressure class or K-series; typical 6 m length; joints per C111; lining per C104.
3. Stainless/duplex (ASTM A312/A790): Dimensional series ASME B36.19; tolerances per ISO 1127 D/T; typical 6 m and 12 m lengths; pickling/passivation per ASTM A380/A967.
4. Flanges: AWWA C207, EN 1092-1, ASME B16.5/B16.47; RF/FF/RTJ facings; surface finish per standard/gasket; bores must match NPS×Sch or DN×wall.
5. Manufacturing Flow and Critical Controls
1. Steel C200: Plate rolling and SAW welding, weld NDE; internal lining to C205 or C210/C222; external coating to C213 or 3-layer systems; provide insulating joints and cathodic protection for buried lines.
2. Stainless/duplex: Post-weld pickling and passivation; control iron contamination and δ-ferrite; electropolish when required; verify ISO 1127 tolerances and cleanliness.
3. Ductile iron: Centrifugal casting/annealing, C104 lining QA; rubber-gasketed joints per C111.
4. Field joints and repairs: Welding per ASME IX; coating repairs per system-matched materials/procedures; holiday testing per AMPP/NACE SP0188.
6. Quality Verification and Documentation
1. Chemistry and MTC: EN 10204 3.1/3.2; PMI for stainless/duplex where required.
2. Mechanical and hydro: Steel pipe hydro per C200; ductile iron per respective standards; stainless per A312/A790 and project.
3. Linings and coatings: DFT, adhesion, impact and bend, holiday testing; appearance/density for cement mortar.
4. Potable compliance: Provide NSF/ANSI 61 and 372 (or regional equivalents) for drinking-water contact.
5. Records and traceability: WPS/PQR, NDE reports, coating QC, CP commissioning and insulating joint records.
7. Supply Forms and Packing
1. Forms: Straights, prefabricated elbows/tees, flanged spools, reducers/expansion joints, valve spools, modular skid spools.
2. Protection: End caps, moisture and rust prevention, flange-face/RTJ groove guards, long-length bracing and anti-slip mats, spare gaskets and accessories.
3. Marking: Standard and revision, grade, size and connection type, lining/coating system, pressure class, test record ID.
8. Ordering Checklist (Copy-Ready for RFQ/PO)
1. System and media: Chloride level, residual oxidants, pH, temperature, pressure/vacuum, design life, potable-water compliance.
2. Standards and revisions: Explicit code and year for AWWA/EN/ASME/ASTM/ISO (e.g., AWWA C200-202X, EN 1092-1:202X, ASTM A312-202X).
3. Size and ends: DN or NPS×wall×length; BW/flanged/grooved; flange system and facing.
4. Lining and coating: System, color, target DFT, QC items (holiday/adhesion/bend/hardness), acceptance criteria; potable-water statement.
5. Tests and documents: Hydro/air, NDE, lining/coating QA, NSF/regional compliance, installation and repair procedures, transport and stacking; TPI where required.
6. Special clauses: Stainless/duplex pickling/passivation, ferrite or phase balance, G48 pitting if needed; insulating joints and CP for buried lines; minimum velocity and air valves.
9. Quick Selection Guide
1. Buried potable mains: Steel C200 with C205 lining and C213 or 3-layer external coating; or ductile iron C151 with C104 lining.
2. Plant clean/reuse headers: C200 with C210/C222; stainless 304L/316L for branches.
3. Strong oxidants: Prefer CPVC/PVDF/FRP; metallic branches 2205/2507 with temperature and chlorine limits.
4. Seawater/high chlorides: 2205/2507 or FRP; exchangers in Ti or cu-ni.
5. Hygienic/ultra-pure: BPE 316L (low-S), EP/BA finishes and compliant gaskets.
10. Procurement, Construction and O&M Risk Alerts
1. Mixing flange systems (AWWA/EN/ASME) causes bolt-circle/gasket mismatch—standardize or use converters.
2. Missing NSF/ANSI 61/372 or local approvals leads to acceptance failure.
3. Using 304/316 in NaOCl lines causes rapid SCC—switch to CPVC/PVDF/FRP or 2205/2507 with temperature/chlorine limits.
4. No CP on buried steel—failure possible even with 3LPE/FBE; include insulating joints and CP.
5. No vacuum check on FRP—risk of collapse under negative pressure; design for vacuum or provide protection.
6. Stainless cross-contamination/no passivation—pitting risk; use dedicated tools and document A380/A967.
11. Representative Spec Lines (Copy-Ready)
1. Raw-water trunk (buried)
“Pipe: AWWA C200, DN 1600, SAW, L = 12 m; Internal AWWA C205; External AWWA C213 (FBE) or 3-layer per project; Flanges AWWA C207 Class D; Hydro ≥1.5×DP; NSF/ANSI 61 compliant; Insulating joints and CP included; Docs: EN 10204 3.2 + coating QC + holiday test..”
2. Plant clean-water header (aboveground)
“Pipe: AWWA C200, DN 600, L = 6 m; Internal AWWA C210 (potable epoxy, target DFT per spec); External epoxy + PU; Fittings per AWWA C208; Flanges EN 1092-1 PN16; Welding ASME IX, NDE per ITP.”
3. Sodium hypochlorite main
“Pipe: CPVC Sch 80 DN 50 (or PVDF SDR 21); PTFE gaskets; Elastomers EPDM/FKM; T ≤ 30 °C; Manufacturer to declare NaOCl compatibility and permeation; Provide NSF/ANSI 61.”
4. Desalination pretreatment gallery
“Pipe: AWWA C950 GRP, DN 1200, design pressure 10 bar, vinyl-ester liner; Flanges EN 1092 PN16; Vacuum rating per vendor; Field joints per vendor procedure; NDE and hydro per spec.”
5. Stainless reuse branch
“Pipe: ASTM A312 TP316L, ASME B36.19; Pickle & passivate per ASTM A380/A967; Tolerance per ISO 1127 D2/T3; If product-water contact: NSF/ANSI 61 evidence; Docs EN 10204 3.1.”
12. Indicative Global Manufacturers (A–Z)
— Alleima (ex-Sandvik Materials Technology): stainless/duplex pipes.
— Amiblu (Hobas + Amitech): large-diameter GRP water systems.
— Future Pipe Industries: GRP/GRV systems.
— Jindal SAW: large-diameter steel and ductile-iron systems.
— Kubota; Saint-Gobain PAM; Xinxing Ductile Iron Pipe: ductile-iron pipes and fittings.
— Northwest Pipe Company: AWWA C200 steel water pipe.
— Tenaris/Tubacex: stainless and alloy tubulars.
(Note: Capabilities and certifications vary by supplier; use vendor datasheets and project technical agreements for ordering.)
Water Treatment Steel（including pipes, fittings, flanges and structural）｜Technical Specifications
0) Critical Errata and Boundary Clarifications
1. PVC consolidation: AWWA C905 (large-diameter PVC) has been consolidated into AWWA C900. If “C905” appears, the specification and PO shall state “C900 latest edition governs.”
2. Waterworks vs O&G: Municipal/plant water transmission and distribution should follow AWWA/EN waterworks standards (e.g., AWWA C200, EN 10224). API 5L / ASME B31.4 / B31.8 are oil & gas pipeline standards and must not be used as generic purchase bases for waterworks; if applied locally, add potable compliance, internal lining/coating and NDE clauses.
3. Potable/reuse compliance: All materials, coatings and adhesives in contact with drinking/reclaimed water shall hold valid NSF/ANSI 61 & 372 evidence (or WRAS/ACS/KIWA/KTW-BWGL as applicable) with batch traceability.
4. Strong oxidants (Cl₂/NaOCl/O₃/ClO₂): 304/316 stainless are prone to pitting/SCC in free chlorine/oxidants. Prefer CPVC/PVDF/FRP or duplex 2205/2507; if metal is used, limit temperature & residual chlorine, eliminate crevices/stagnation and state measures in drawings/specs.
5. Do not mix flange systems: AWWA C207 (Class B/D/E/F) and ASME B16.5/16.47 (Class)/EN 1092 (PN) are not interchangeable. Where interconnection is required, list transition pieces and facing types in the design/spec.
6. FRP under vacuum: FRP lines subject to negative pressure or vacuum cleaning shall be vacuum-rated (AWWA C950 or vendor curves); otherwise collapse may occur.
7. Buried steel: coating ≠ CP: High-grade external coatings (FBE/3LPE/3LPP) do not replace cathodic protection. Provide insulating joints and CP system, with commissioning records.
8. Hygienic adhesives & elastomers: PVC/CPVC solvents/primers must meet NSF/ANSI 61 and ASTM D2564 / F493 / F656; select gaskets/elastomers compatible with water and oxidants.
1) Definition and Scope
• Facilities: municipal potable/wastewater plants, industrial effluent & reuse, seawater desalination (intake/outfall, pretreatment and around RO), pump stations, clear-water tanks, internal steel structures and platforms.
• Objects: metallic pipes (carbon steel/stainless/duplex/non-ferrous), non-metallic pipes (HDPE/PVC/CPVC/FRP), fittings (BW/socket/grooved/mechanical joints), flanges, supports/hangers and structural steel; internal linings, external coatings and cathodic protection.
• Boundary: pressure vessels and large tanks follow respective codes; this document focuses on piping and appurtenances.
2) Standards and Codes Matrix (global, incl. CN)
Steel and steel water pipes/fittings (pressure service)
• Pipes: AWWA C200 (welded steel water pipe); EN 10224 (seamless/welded for water); EN 10217-1 (welded for pressure). CN projects may use GB/T 3091 (welded) / GB/T 8163 (seamless) with waterworks addenda.
• Fabricated fittings: AWWA C208; BW dimensions per ASME B16.9.
• Flanges: AWWA C207 (Class B/D/E/F), or EN 1092-1 (PN10/16/25/40); interface to ASME B16.5/16.47 only via declared transitions.
• Linings/coatings: AWWA C205 (cement-mortar lining), AWWA C210 (liquid epoxy), AWWA C213 (FBE), AWWA C222 (polyurethane), AWWA C214/C215 (wrapping tapes).
• Design manuals: AWWA M11 (steel pipe), AWWA M41 (water distribution).
Ductile iron (DI) systems
• Pipes/fittings: AWWA C151 / ISO 2531 / EN 545; lining AWWA C104; joints AWWA C111; installation AWWA C600.
Stainless/duplex/titanium/Cu-Ni
• Pipes: ASTM A312 (austenitic), ASTM A790 (duplex); plate ASTM A240; titanium ASTM B338; Cu-Ni ASTM B466/B111.
• Fittings/flanges: ASTM A403/A815, ASTM A182.
• Pickling/passivation: ASTM A380/A967.
• EU water stainless: EN 10312 for dimensions/tolerances.
Plastics and FRP
• HDPE: AWWA C906 (PE4710) / ISO 4427.
• PVC/PVCO/CPVC: AWWA C900 (PVC/PVCO; C905 merged), ASTM D1785 (PVC Sch40/80), ASTM D2241 (PVC SDR), ASTM F441/F439/F437/F493/F656 (CPVC pipes/fittings/solvents/primers).
• FRP/GRP: AWWA C950 (pressure) with AWWA M45 design; vacuum per vendor/standard.
• Grooved: AWWA C606.
Hygiene & coatings
• NSF/ANSI 61, 372 (or WRAS/ACS/KIWA/KTW-BWGL).
• ISO 12944 for protective paint in atmospheric service; AWWA D102 for steel potable tanks.
• ASME Section IX for WPS/PQR (AWS D1.1 for structures where applicable).
3) Materials and Grades (common in practice)
• Carbon/low-alloy: C200 plate coils to calc’d thickness; flanges A36/A105; low-temperature A350 LF2.
• Austenitic SS: 304/304L, 316/316L, 321/347, 904L.
• Duplex: 2205 (S32205/S31803), 2507 (S32750/S32760).
• Non-ferrous: Cu-Ni 90/10, 70/30; Ti Gr.2/Gr.12 for high-chloride/HX.
• Linings/coatings: C205/C210/C213/C222; PTFE/PVDF/rubber/flaked glass for chemical/oxidizing branches.
• Elastomers/gaskets: EPDM for potable/ozone; FKM for strong oxidants; avoid NBR with oxidants.
4) Sizes, End Connections and Pressure Classes
• Diameters: plant piping DN15–DN600; trunks DN600–DN3000+; C200 SAW/spiral for very large sizes.
• Pressure: AWWA C207 Class B/D (typical), Class E/F (higher at large bore); or EN 1092 PN10/16/25/40. ASME Class 150–300 common; Class 600 in select points only.
• Ends: BW, FL, GRV (C606), MJ/socket (DI).
• Tolerances: per respective standards (EN 10224/AWWA C200/A312/A790/C906 etc.); bevels ASME B16.25; no iron contamination at SS/duplex welds.
5) Manufacturing and Lining/Coating (process notes)
Steel
• Forming/welding: plate rolling → SAW longitudinal/spiral (C200); C208 fittings cold/hot formed; flanges forged + machined.
• Internal linings (by service): C205 cement-mortar (raw/clear), C210 epoxy or C222 PU (clear/reuse/plant), PTFE/PVDF/rubber/flaked glass for chemical/oxidizing branches.
• External coatings: C213 FBE or 3LPE/3LPP for buried/submerged; epoxy primer + PU top for above-ground.
• Stainless/duplex: post-weld pickling + passivation (A380/A967), optional electropolish; control δ-ferrite/deleterious phases and iron contamination.
Plastics/FRP
• HDPE: butt/electrofusion per SDR; address SCG/UV.
• PVC/CPVC: solvent cement or flanged; strict temperature/chemical compatibility; NaOCl → CPVC/PVDF first.
• FRP: vinyl ester for strong chloride/corrosives; provide vacuum rating and protection where negative pressure is possible.
6) Service → Material → Standard: Quick Selection (textual)
1. Raw/clear-water trunk (buried/trestle)
• AWWA C200 + C205 lining; external C213 FBE or 3LPE; or DI C151 + C104.
• CP + insulating joints for buried steel; unified flange system.
2. Plant clear/reuse (above ground/intermittent flushing)
• C200 + C210 (NSF 61) or C222; 304L/316L possible at low Cl⁻/low T with NSF 61/372.
3. Sodium hypochlorite/chlorinated water
• Prefer CPVC/PVDF/FRP; if metal, 2205/2507 with temperature & chlorine limits, avoid crevices/stagnation.
4. Ozone/chlorine dioxide
• 316L/2205 with PTFE gaskets, or PVDF/FRP; EPDM/FKM elastomers, avoid NBR.
5. Acids/alkalis/coagulants (H₂SO₄/NaOH/FeCl₃)
• FRP (vinyl ester)/PVDF or PTFE-lined CS. FeCl₃ is highly pitting—use stainless with caution.
6. Sludge/high TSS slurries
• Thick-wall CS + rubber/PU/ceramic lining, or HDPE SDR11–17; minimum velocity ≥1.5–2.0 m/s; elbows with local thickening/ceramic.
7. SWRO intake/outfall/cooling
• Cu-Ni 90/10 or 70/30, 2205/2507; HX side may be Ti Gr.2. RO high-pressure side: 2507/Ti; low-pressure: Cu-Ni/FRP.
8. Structures/platforms
• Coating system per ISO 12944; avoid bare galvanizing in immersed/splash-zone chlorides.
7) Key Performance and Engineering Metrics
• Hygiene: NSF/ANSI 61/372 certificates + batch traceability; declarations for all wetted linings/coatings/solvents/gaskets.
• Corrosion/Durability: pitting/crevice/Cl-SCC assessment (SS/duplex/Cu-Ni); CP design & monitoring for buried steel.
• Hydraulics/anti-deposition: use standard roughness values; ensure minimum scouring velocity in sludge/sandy lines.
• Surge/vacuum: water-hammer analysis (bypass/slow-close/air valves); provide vacuum protection for FRP/thin-wall.
• Joints/sealing: consistent flange facings; gasket/elastomer compatibility with water/oxidants/seawater; grooved per C606.
8) QA/QC and Inspection (ITP backbone)
• Docs & materials: EN 10204 3.1/3.2; NSF/WRAS/ACS/KIWA certificates; chemistry/mech/dim records.
• Linings/coatings: DFT, holiday tests, adhesion, bend/impact; cement mortar lining visual/compaction.
• Welding & NDE: WPS/PQR (ASME IX); UT/RT/PT/MT based on risk; SS/duplex PMI and passivation records.
• Hydro/leak: sectional or per piece; plastics/FRP per their standards (pressure rebound/short-term burst as needed).
• Buried: surface preparation grades, adhesion/peel, holiday; insulating joints/CP commissioning & potential logging.
9) RFQ/PO Checklist
1. Service & media: Cl⁻, residual oxidants, pH, T, P/vacuum, life, NSF/ANSI 61/372.
2. Standards/grades: C200/C205/C210/C213/C222, C151/C104, C900/C909/C906, A312/A790/A240, B338/B466/B111, C606 (editions stated).
3. Size & ends: DN/OD × WT × L; BW/FL/GRV/socket; flange system (AWWA/EN/ASME) & facings; valve/equipment interface consistency.
4. Linings/coatings: system, color, target DFT, inspection items (adhesion/bend/holiday/hardness), acceptance; potable contact declaration.
5. Material specifics: SS/duplex PMI; pickling/passivation records; duplex ASTM A923 if needed; Cu-Ni/Ti insulated transitions to other metals.
6. Testing & docs: hydro/pneumatic, NDE, lining/coating tests, compliance certificates, field joint repair/coating procedures, transport/handling/storage.
7. Operational provisions: minimum velocities, air valves/blow-offs, insulating joints, CP access, bypasses and sampling points.
10) Construction Risks and Controls
• Mixed flange systems → leakage/stress; unify or provide transitions.
• Ignoring NSF 61/372 → non-acceptance at commissioning.
• 304/316 used on NaOCl → rapid failure; change to CPVC/PVDF/FRP or 2205/2507 with temperature/chlorine limits.
• No CP on buried steel → early failures despite 3LPE/FBE; insulation + CP mandatory.
• FRP vacuum collapse → provide vacuum rating/protection.
• SS contamination → carbon-steel tooling residue; enforce segregation + pickling/passivation.
• Surge/contamination → no air valves/bypass/cleanliness management; fatigue & particle pollution.
11) Example Spec Lines (ready to use)
• Raw-water trunk (buried)
“Pipe, AWWA C200, DN 1600, SAW, L = 12 m; C205 cement-mortar lining; External 3LPE or AWWA C213 FBE prime + PE; Flanges AWWA C207 Class D; Hydrotest ≥1.5×DP; NSF/ANSI 61 lining; CP & insulating joints included; Docs: EN 10204 3.2 + coating QC + holiday test.”
• Plant clear-water header (above ground)
“Pipe, AWWA C200, DN 600, L = 6 m; Internal AWWA C210 epoxy (DFT per spec, NSF 61); External epoxy-PU; Fittings AWWA C208; Flanges EN 1092-1 PN16; Welding per ASME IX, NDE per ITP.”
• Sodium hypochlorite main
“Pipe, CPVC Sch80 DN 50 (or PVDF SDR21), PTFE-lined flanges, elastomers EPDM/FKM, T ≤ 30 °C; Manufacturer to confirm NaOCl compatibility & permeation; Provide NSF 61.”
• SWRO pretreatment gallery
“Pipe, AWWA C950 GRP, DN 1200, design pressure 10 bar, vinyl ester liner; Flanges EN 1092 PN16; Vacuum rating per vendor; Field joints per vendor; NDE & hydro per spec.”
• RO high-pressure/effluent (metallic sections)
“Pipe, ASTM A790 S32750 (2507) or ASTM B338 Ti Gr.2 (as designated), ASME Class 300–600; Pickle & passivate per ASTM A380/A967; 100% PMI; If product water contact: show NSF 61 evidence.”
12) Typical Materials & Size Ranges (textual)
• Carbon structural steel: plates 8–80 mm; H-beams H200–H800; for tanks/platforms/equipment supports with high-build protective coatings.
• Stainless 304/316L/2205: plates 1–6 mm (thin) and 8–40 mm (medium); tubes OD 15–600 mm, WT 1.5–25 mm; for screens/UV channels/chemical dosing/dewatering internals.
• Ductile iron: DN80–DN3000, 6 m lengths; fittings/flanges DN80–DN2000; C104 cement lining.
• CS pipes (lined/coated): OD ½″–1200 mm, WT 3–30 mm; works piping and some transfer lines; cement/epoxy lined.
• Special alloys: duplex 2205/2507, Cu-Ni (OD 20–300 mm), Ti (OD 15–200 mm); for seawater/high-chloride and HX sides.
• Lined steel: base DN15–DN600 with PTFE/PVDF/PE/flaked glass (2–6 mm) for strong acids/alkalis and dosing lines.
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