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Industries OverviewThe company's products are primarily used in industrial equipment sectors such as nuclear power, petroleum, petrochemicals, chemical engineering, power generation, automotive manufacturing, shipbuilding, fertilizer production, pharmaceuticals, papermaking, sugar refining, and machinery manufacturing. -
Products & SolutionsOur Products: Ferrous metal ore raw materials (nickel ore, ferronickel, ferrochrome, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, etc.), seamless pipes, welded pipes, medium-thick plates, plate coils, bars, wire rods, wire coils, pipe fittings, flanges, castings, etc. -
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About UsTsisco Industrial Ltd. was established in 2010. Originating from the Tsingshan ecosystem’s Shanghai platform, the company now operates independently and focuses on global supply-chain integration, distribution, and import/export of steel and alloy materials. We achieved ISO 9001 certification from TÜV Rheinland in 2012, and ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and ISO 45001 certifications from LRQA in 2022. These accreditations underpin continuous improvement and stable performance in quality, environment, and occupational health & safety.
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Products & Solutions
Automotive Tubing
Automotive Tubing
Automotive Tubing ｜Global Sourcing for Engineering & Procurement
1. Product Positioning & Scope
Automotive tubes are metallic tubing used across the vehicle and its subsystems, including body-in-white and chassis structures, steering and driveline, shock absorber cylinders, brake and fuel lines, HVAC and thermal-management lines, and stainless exhaust tubing. Depending on function and forming needs, selections include precision welded tubes, precision seamless tubes, drawn-over-mandrel tubes (DOM), double-wall copper-brazed steel tubing, and ferritic/austenitic stainless steel tubes.
This guide serves OEMs, Tier-1 suppliers and specialty converters, enabling fast “Scenario–Material–Standard–Size” mapping with globally consistent standards and local compliance.
2. Standards Matrix (by use and material families)
1. Precision mechanical & chassis
— Europe: EN 10305 series covering seamless cold-drawn precision tubes (Part 1), welded cold-drawn precision tubes (Part 2), welded cold-sized precision tubes (Part 3), seamless tubes for hydraulic and pneumatic systems (Part 4), welded tubes for hydraulic and pneumatic systems (Part 5), and welded/laser-welded high-precision tubes (Part 6).
— United States: ASTM A513 for mechanical tubing including DOM.
— Japan: JIS G3472 ERW steel tubes for automobile structural purposes; JIS G3445 carbon steel tubes for machine structural purposes.
— China: GB/T 3639 precision seamless steel tubes (cold drawn/rolled); GB/T 3094 cold-drawn shape tubes for special sections.
2. Brake, fuel and hydraulic assemblies
— SAE: J524 seamless low-carbon steel tubing; J525 welded and cold-drawn low-carbon steel tubing (annealed for bending/flaring); J526 low-carbon welded steel tubing; J527 welded single- and double-wall low-carbon steel tubing.
— ASTM: A254 copper-brazed double-wall steel tubing (“Bundy tube”).
— ISO: ISO 8535-1 for diesel fuel-injection steel tubes—requirements and tests.
— Europe: EN 10305-4 and -5 for hydraulic and pneumatic circuits.
3. Stainless & exhaust systems
— ASTM: A268 for ferritic/martensitic stainless tubing (e.g., 409/439 for exhaust); A269 for austenitic stainless tubing (e.g., 304/316).
— Europe: EN 10296-2 welded stainless circular tubes for mechanical/general engineering; EN 10297-2 seamless stainless circular tubes for mechanical/general engineering.
— ASTM A554 welded stainless mechanical tubing for cosmetic/formed parts.
Note: For stainless tube tolerances, ISO 1127 D- and T-classes can be adopted by agreement.
3. Scenario–Material–Standard–Size Mapping (quick text guide)
1. Body & chassis structures (sub-frames, cross-members, seat frames, side-impact beams)
— Materials: low-carbon and microalloyed steels (E235, E275, E355), when needed 34CrMo4/42CrMo4.
— Standards: EN 10305-2/-3/-6, ASTM A513 (DOM), JIS G3472.
— Typical sizes: OD 10–120 mm, WT 0.8–5.0 mm, L 6–12 m; precision grades per EN 10305 or equivalent h9/h10.
2. Shock absorber cylinders & sleeves
— Materials: E355 (cold-drawn), 20MnV6, 42CrMo4 (Q&T).
— Standards: EN 10305-1/-2, ASTM A513 Type 5 (DOM).
— Typical sizes: OD 20–80 mm, WT 1.2–4.0 mm; tight ID finish and straightness per drawing.
3. Steering & driveline tubes (prop-shaft, CV joint housings, steering columns)
— Materials: 1020/1026, E355, 4130/4140 per torsion/fatigue.
— Standards: ASTM A513, EN 10305-1/-2.
— Typical sizes: OD 25–152 mm, WT 1.5–6.0 mm.
4. Brake and fuel lines
— Materials/structures: SAE J527 double-wall welded tube or ASTM A254 copper-brazed double-wall; J524/J525 annealed low-carbon tubes; 304L/316L for severe corrosion.
— Standards: SAE J524/J525/J526/J527, ISO 8535-1 (high-pressure diesel), EN 10305-4/-5 for hydraulic/pneumatic circuits.
— Typical sizes: OD 4–16 mm, WT 0.7–2.0 mm; coils up to 30–1000 m.
5. Exhaust system (front pipe, mid/after-treatment, tail section)
— Materials: ferritic 409L/436/439; 304/316L for premium or corrosive segments.
— Standards: ASTM A268 (ferritic), ASTM A269 (austenitic), EN 10296-2/EN 10297-2.
— Typical sizes: OD 25–114 mm, WT 1.0–2.5 mm; specify bend/expand formability.
6. Thermal management & HVAC metal segments
— Materials: 304/316L, or EN 10305-4 carbon steel with protective coatings.
— Typical sizes: OD 6–25 mm, WT 0.7–2.0 mm.
4. Size Range & Tolerances
— Carbon/alloy precision tubes: OD 4–152 mm, WT 0.7–8.0 mm, L 6–12 m or coils; precision per EN 10305 grades or equivalent h9/h10.
— Stainless tubes: OD 6–114 mm, WT 0.8–4.0 mm; tolerances per ISO 1127 D3/D4 and T3/T4, or per ASTM A268/A269 clauses.
— Straightness & ovality: per EN 10305 and drawing; ≤0.3–0.5 mm/m recommended for driveline and shock cylinders.
5. Manufacturing Flow & Key Controls
— Feedstock & forming: HR coil → HFW/ERW or seamless piercing → cold drawing/rolling → DOM (when specified) → sizing.
— Heat treatment: anneal/normalize or Q&T for strength, ductility and formability; solution-treat stainless and quench.
— Cleanliness & coatings: inner cleanliness for brake/injection; outer Zn-Al-Mg, Zn-Ni, e-coat or organics.
— Weld & defect control: weld heat-treatment and online ET/UT; metallography and burst/pulsation fatigue for safety-critical parts per program.
6. Quality & Documentation
— Chemistry/mechanics per standards; low-temperature impact as needed.
— Forming & pressure: flattening, flaring, repeated bending, expansion, burst, pulsation fatigue, salt spray/cyclic corrosion per spec.
— NDE: 100% ET/UT for brake/fuel/injection/safety parts; MT/PT by sampling.
— Docs & compliance: EN 10204 3.1/3.2 MTC, IATF 16949, IMDS/REACH/RoHS on request; ISO 8535-1 test records for diesel injection tubes.
7. Supply Forms & Packing
— Straight lengths and coils; deburred/chamfered ends or customer-specific.
— Coils with wrap and VCI; straight bundles with end caps; clean-pack for brake/injection.
8. Order Checklist (copy-ready)
1. Service details: bend radius, expansion, fatigue life, inner cleanliness, corrosion rating.
2. Standards & editions: e.g., EN 10305-4:2016, ASTM A513-2023, SAE J527, ISO 8535-1.
3. Grade & condition: E355+SR, 42CrMo4+QT, 304L solution-annealed, 409L, with or without DOM.
4. Size & tolerances: OD×WT×L; straightness, ovality; EN 10305 grade or ISO 1127 D/T class.
5. Tests: ET/UT coverage, forming/expansion validation, burst or pulsation fatigue, salt spray/cyclic corrosion, cleanliness limits.
6. Documentation: EN 10204 3.1/3.2, IATF 16949, IMDS; third-party witnessing if required.
9. Selection Guide (quick)
— Cost & efficiency: E235/E355 to EN 10305-2/-3.
— High strength & fatigue: DOM (ASTM A513 Type 5) or 34CrMo4/42CrMo4.
— Brake & fuel: SAE J527 double-wall or ASTM A254; annealed and clean ID; 304L/316L for severe corrosion.
— Exhaust: 409L/436/439 per ASTM A268; premium 304/316L per ASTM A269.
10. Risks & Mitigations
— Wrong tolerance grade → bending/expansion failure.
— Non-annealed welded tube in tight bending → cracks/wrinkles.
— Poor weld/cleanliness for brake/injection → blockage/leaks.
— Misusing 304 in chloride-rich exhaust zones → pitting; improper post-weld cleaning.
— Mixing metric and inch systems → interface mismatch.
11. Representative RFQ/PO Lines
— Brake coil tube:
“Tube: SAE J527 double-wall welded, annealed, OD 6 mm × WT 0.9 mm, coil 100 m; inner cleanliness per spec; 100% ET; EN 10204 3.1.”
— Shock cylinder:
“Tube: EN 10305-1 E355 seamless cold-drawn precision, OD 45 mm × WT 2.5 mm × L 6 m; straightness ≤0.3 mm/m; 100% UT; MTC 3.1.”
— Exhaust front pipe:
“Tube: ASTM A268 Type 409L welded, OD 60.5 mm × WT 1.5 mm × L 6 m; weld heat treated; pickled; 100% ET; MTC 3.1.”
— Fuel delivery tube:
“Tube: SAE J525 welded & cold-drawn low-carbon, annealed; OD 8 mm × WT 1.0 mm × L 6 m; flaring/beading approved; 100% ET; MTC 3.1.”
12. Representative Global Manufacturers (alphabetical, examples)
Alleima (formerly Sandvik Materials Technology), Benteler Steel/Tube, JFE Steel, Marcegaglia, Mannesmann Precision Tubes, Nippon Steel, Tata Steel Europe Tubes, Tenaris, Tubacex, voestalpine Tubulars, Baowu, Ansteel, Hengyang Valin, Jiuli Stainless, etc.
Note: Capabilities and NDT classes differ by mill; always align with datasheets and contracts.
Automotive Tubing｜Technical Specifications
1) Product Definition & Scope
• Definition. Metallic tubing and system tubes for passenger and commercial vehicles covering brake, fuel/evap, engine cooling & lubrication, A/C & thermal management, exhaust/EGR, chassis & mechanisms, and (NEV) battery thermal management plus H₂/CNG/LPG fuel systems.
• Scope. Precision seamless/welded steel tubes (including DOM, CDW, HFW/ERW, laser-welded), stainless-steel tubes, copper-nickel tubes, aluminum tubes / multi-port extrusions (MPE) where heat exchangers are involved, end-forming and assembly components.
2) Standards Matrix (from systems to products)
• Quality & cleanliness. IATF 16949 (incl. PPAP/APQP/MSA/SPC/8D), ISO 16232 / VDA 19 (component cleanliness), RoHS/ELV/REACH, IMDS.
• Precision/mechanical tubes. EN 10305-1/-2/-3/-4/-5/-6; ASTM A513 (Types 5/6, incl. DOM/CDW); EN 10297-1 (seamless mechanical tubes).
• Brake/hydraulic hard lines. SAE J524 (seamless, annealed), SAE J525 (welded + cold worked + annealed), SAE J356 (ERW with controlled internal weld bead); SAE J1047 / ISO 4038 (CuNi10Fe1Mn brake tubing).
• Fuel/evap & quick-connects. Metallic sections commonly ASTM A269 (304/316L, etc.); non-metal fuel pipes SAE J2260; SAE J2044 for quick-connect interfaces.
• Stainless steel. ASTM A269 (austenitic for process/fluids), ASTM A268 (ferritic for exhaust/EGR).
• A/C & thermal management. SAE J3143 (non-metal refrigerant hard-line assemblies), SAE J3062 (A/C hose & assemblies); aluminum tubes/MPE to OEM specs and ASTM B241/B210.
• On-vehicle H₂/CNG/LPG. SAE J2579 (hydrogen fuel systems), ISO 23273 / ISO 19881 (FCEV/on-board H₂ components), ISO 15500/20766 (CNG/LPG components as applicable).
3) Materials & Grade System (examples)
• Low-/medium-carbon steels: EN E235/E255/E355 (EN 10305), SAE/AISI 10xx, ASTM A513 (DOM/CDW).
• Micro-alloy/alloy steels: 20MnV6, E470, SAE 4130/4140 (driveline/damping/high-strength mechanisms).
• Stainless steels: Austenitic 304/304L, 316/316L (fuel/cooling/thermal management); Ferritic 409/439/441/444 (exhaust/EGR).
• Copper-nickel: CuNi10Fe1Mn (90/10) for brakes; bronze/brass couplings as required.
• Aluminum alloys: 3xxx/6xxx series (B241/B210) for A/C and thermal management (incl. MPE).
• Hydrogen/high-pressure gas: Prefer 316L/304L (controlled work-hardening and cleanliness) or OEM-qualified specialty tubing; on-vehicle hoses/braided hoses must be vehicle-grade (SAE J2579 / ISO 19881).
4) Sizes, Precision & Tolerances (text format)
• Hard brake lines: OD 4.75 mm (3/16″) / 6.0 mm; WT 0.7–1.0 mm; end forms double flare / ISO bubble flare, matched to M10×1 / M12×1 fittings.
• Fuel/evap metallic sections: OD 6–12 mm, WT 0.8–1.2 mm; dimensions within SAE J2044 quick-connect tolerance band.
• Cooling/lube hard lines: OD 8–22 mm, WT 0.8–2.0 mm; delivery condition +SR / +NBK (EN 10305).
• Exhaust/EGR: OD 38–76 mm, WT 0.8–1.5 mm (per vehicle NVH/rigidity).
• Mechanisms/chassis (damper shells/steering/drive sleeves): OD 40–60 mm, WT 1.5–3.0 mm (E355/E460, ASTM A513 DOM).
• Tolerances: Select per EN 10305 or ASTM A513/A269 for OD/WT/ovality/straightness; end-form geometry per drawing and interface standards.
5) Manufacturing, Surface & Corrosion Protection (key points)
• Manufacturing routes: Hot-pierce/hot-extrude → cold-draw/cold-roll (seamless); HFW/ERW/laser-weld → cold sizing (welded/DOM). Use BA bright anneal, normalize/temper as needed.
• Internal cleanliness: Full-process degreasing, cleaning, drying; prevent re-contamination; validate critical circuits to ISO 16232 / VDA 19.
• Steel brake/hydraulic corrosion protection: Zn-Ni or Zn-Fe plating + organic sealer/topcoat; post-forming repair coating; validate weld areas by cyclic corrosion (OEM standards).
• Stainless: Post-weld stress relief or pickling & passivation (per A380/A967-type corporate specs); control HAZ sensitization/Cr depletion.
• A/C & aluminum tubes: Declare compatibility with R-1234yf and PAG/POE oils; control bend springback and permeation (align with SAE J3143/J3062).
• Quick-connects / O-rings: SAE J2044 dimensions, pull-off/pressure and thermal cycling; seal materials (FKM/HNBR) matched to fluid/temperature.
6) Service–Material–Standard Quick Mapping (engineering guide, text only)
• Brake hard lines (salt spray/splash/stone-chip): SAE J525/J524/J356 (steel) with Zn-Ni system; or SAE J1047 / ISO 4038 (CuNi10Fe1Mn).
• Fuel/evap hard lines (gasoline E10/E20, diesel Bx): ASTM A269 304/316L; non-metal segments SAE J2260; interfaces SAE J2044.
• Engine cooling/lube (high cleanliness + pressure pulses): EN 10305-1/-2 E355 (+SR/+NBK) or A269 304/316L.
• A/C (R-1234yf/R-134a): Aluminum/non-metal combos to SAE J3143/J3062 + OEM; quick-connects to J2044.
• Exhaust/EGR (high-temp oxidation/thermal fatigue): A268 409/439/441/444; local hot/flange sections 304/316L.
• Chassis/mechanisms (bend/flange/strength): EN 10305-1/-2/-3 (E355/E460), ASTM A513 (DOM), EN 10297-1 (20MnV6/E470).
• Battery thermal management (low permeation/high cleanliness): A269 304/316L or 3xxx/6xxx Al (per OEM); connector/fluid compatibility required.
• On-vehicle hydrogen (≈ 70 MPa): SAE J2579, ISO 23273/19881; metal hard lines 316L/304L (vehicle-grade validated) or vehicle-grade high-pressure hose assemblies; strict cleanliness & micro-leak control.
• CNG/LPG: ISO 15500/20766 components; metallic segments to A269/EN 10305 and OEM AML.
7) Quality Control & Validation (vehicle-level ITP/PPAP backbone)
• Systems. IATF 16949; PPAP (DFMEA/PFMEA, control plan, MSA, Cp/Cpk), IMDS entry.
• Material & geometry. Chemistry/mechanics; OD/WT/ovality/straightness; end-form geometry; coating thickness & adhesion.
• Cleanliness. ISO 16232/VDA 19: extraction medium, particle count/mass, residual oil limits, packaging requirements.
• Function/durability. Burst, pressure-pulse (with thermal cycles), bend/torsion fatigue, permeation (fuel/refrigerant), salt spray ISO 9227 and OEM cyclic corrosion (e.g., GMW14872 / VW PV1209).
• NDT. 100% ECT/UT (focus on welds); radiography sampling where required.
• Assembly verification. SAE J2044 pull-off/pressure/impact; stone-chip and clamp-wear resistance.
• Special process assessments. CQI-9 (heat treat) / CQI-11 (plating) / CQI-12 (coating) / CQI-15 (welding).
8) Delivery & Packaging
• Ends. Plastic caps/dry plugs; assemblies labeled with conformity and trace codes.
• Protection. VCI bags/protective film; scratch protection for stainless/aluminum; anti-deformation sleeves for brake/fuel hard lines.
• Marking. Standard/grade/size/heat or lot, cleanliness batch ID, coating system, PPAP level; hazardous substances declaration where required.
9) Ordering Essentials (RFQ / Sourcing checklist — paste-ready)
1. Use/system/fluid/P-T/pulse profile/stone-chip environment;
2. Standards & grade (e.g., SAE J525 Zn-Ni / A268 TP409 / EN 10305-2 E355 +SR / A269 316L);
3. Dimensions (OD×WT×L, bend radius, end-form & interface standard);
4. Tolerances & form (OD/WT class, ovality, straightness, end runout/angles);
5. Surface/corrosion (coating system & thickness, sealer, target salt-spray / cyclic-corrosion level);
6. Cleanliness (ISO 16232 targets, extraction medium/method, packaging);
7. Validation & release (burst/pulse/fatigue/permeation, NDT coverage, PPAP level, IMDS);
8. Documents & traceability (EN 10204 3.1/3.2, CQI reports, gage calibration, lot barcodes);
9. Logistics & supply (cut-to-length / coils, packaging, ESD/scratch protection, JIT/Kanban needs).
10) Construction & Risk Controls (“don’ts”)
• Using A179/API 5L/X-grade in place of precision brake/chassis tubes.
• Specifying exhaust/EGR only as A213/A269 while omitting A268 ferritic grades.
• Failing to state ISO 16232/VDA 19 cleanliness and PPAP.
• Omitting Zn-Ni (or equivalent) corrosion system for steel brake tubes.
• Applying plant piping standards to on-vehicle H₂/CNG and ignoring SAE J2579 / ISO 23273 / ISO 19881.
• Poor control of internal weld bead or end-form geometry, causing assembly leaks.
• Skipping pickling/passivation or leaving Cr-depleted weld zones on stainless, leading to early pitting/SCC.
11) Example Spec Lines (copy-ready for procurement)
• Brake hard line (steel):
“Tube, SAE J525, OD 4.75 mm × WT 0.80 mm, NBK, Zn-Ni ≥ 8 µm + sealer, double flare to M10×1, ISO 16232 class per drawing, 100% ECT, cyclic corrosion per OEM spec, PPAP Level 3, IMDS provided, CMTR 3.1.”
• Brake hard line (Cu-Ni):
“Tube, SAE J1047 / ISO 4038, CuNi10Fe1Mn, OD 4.75 mm × WT 0.90 mm, pre-flared with nuts, burst & pulse per spec, salt spray per OEM, PPAP L3, CMTR 3.1.”
• Fuel hard line (stainless):
“Tube, ASTM A269 TP316L, OD 8 mm × WT 1.0 mm, BA/annealed, ends per SAE J2044 quick-connect tolerance band, ISO 16232 cleanliness, permeability & fuel compatibility per OEM, 100% ECT, CMTR 3.1.”
• Exhaust intermediate tube:
“Tube, ASTM A268 TP409, OD 63.5 mm × WT 1.2 mm, ERW + sizing, corrosion/thermal cycling per OEM, weld-area passivation as required, CMTR 3.1.”
• Shock absorber outer shell:
“Tube, EN 10305-2 E355 +SR, OD 52 mm × WT 2.0 mm, ID honed per drawing, concentricity/straightness limits stated, 100% ECT, CMTR 3.1.”
• On-vehicle hydrogen hard line (example—OEM approval required):
“Tube, 316L per OEM hydrogen spec, OD 10 mm × WT 1.5 mm, electropolished if required, He-leak per SAE J2579, particulate per ISO 16232, burst/pulse/thermal cycling as plan, PPAP L3, CMTR 3.1.”
12) Representative Global Suppliers of Automotive Tubes & Systems
(examples; verify PPAP/OEM approvals before sourcing)
• Europe: Benteler Steel/Tube; Mannesmann Precision Tubes (Salzgitter); ArcelorMittal Tubular Products; Marcegaglia (welded); Alleima (ex-Sandvik, stainless/precision); Tubacex (stainless/Ni-base); Železiarne Podbrezová; Aperam Tubes; Vallourec (precision/mechanical); Wieland / KME (copper/Cu-Ni); Hydro / Constellium (Al extrusions/MPE).
• Japan: Nippon Steel (incl. stainless/auto tubing), JFE Steel, Kobe Steel, Sanyo Special Steel, Maruichi Steel Tube; Sanoh, Usui (brake/fuel hard-line systems).
• North America: Webco Industries; Plymouth Tube; AK Tube (stainless welded/exhaust); Zekelman/Atlas (structural); Tenaris (mechanical/precision); Mueller / Wieland NA (copper/Cu-Ni); Hydro Extrusions.
• China & Rest of Asia: Baowu/Baosteel (precision/stainless welded); Jiuli (stainless/duplex precision); Changbao / Hunan Valin Xiangtan (mechanical/precision); Hailiang / Golden Dragon (copper/Cu-Ni); POSCO / Hyundai Steel / SeAH (KR, auto tubes); Tata Steel Tubes / ISMT / Tube Investments of India (IN).
Note: For series production, verify IATF / PPAP, OEM approval lists, process capability, and cleanliness capability.
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