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Industries OverviewThe company's products are primarily used in industrial equipment sectors such as nuclear power, petroleum, petrochemicals, chemical engineering, power generation, automotive manufacturing, shipbuilding, fertilizer production, pharmaceuticals, papermaking, sugar refining, and machinery manufacturing. -
Products & SolutionsOur Products: Ferrous metal ore raw materials (nickel ore, ferronickel, ferrochrome, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, etc.), seamless pipes, welded pipes, medium-thick plates, plate coils, bars, wire rods, wire coils, pipe fittings, flanges, castings, etc. -
CommunityThe company has established an excellent reputation within the industry through its strong credibility, comprehensive services, and ample resources. -
Process VisualizationThe company's products are primarily used in industrial equipment sectors such as nuclear power, petroleum, petrochemicals, chemical engineering, power generation, automotive, shipbuilding, fertilizer production, pharmaceuticals, papermaking, sugar refining, and machinery manufacturing. -
About UsTsisco Industrial Ltd. was established in 2010. Originating from the Tsingshan ecosystem’s Shanghai platform, the company now operates independently and focuses on global supply-chain integration, distribution, and import/export of steel and alloy materials. We achieved ISO 9001 certification from TÜV Rheinland in 2012, and ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and ISO 45001 certifications from LRQA in 2022. These accreditations underpin continuous improvement and stable performance in quality, environment, and occupational health & safety.
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Products & Solutions
Refinery Steel
Refinery Steel
Refinery Steel( Pipes, Fittings & Flanges)｜Global Sourcing for Engineering & Procurement
I. Product Positioning and Scope
1. Positioning
“Refinery steels” cover metallic materials and accessories for pressure vessels, process piping, heat exchangers, fired heaters, tanks, utilities, and structures in refining and petrochemical units. The portfolio includes carbon and low-alloy steels, Cr-Mo creep-resistant steels, stainless steels (including duplex and superaustenitic), nickel-based alloys, centrifugally cast heat-resistant tubes, and clad plates.
2. Scope
Applicable to crude distillation, FCC, hydrotreating, hydrocracking, delayed coking, sulfur recovery, sour water and amine services, storage and transfer, and utilities.
3. Audience
EPC/owner/PMC and procurement teams, with a “Scenario—Material—Standard—Size” mapping for rapid specification and ordering.
II. Standards Matrix (by function)
1. Framework and General
• Design: ASME Section VIII (pressure vessels), ASME B31.3 (process piping), API 650 (welded tanks), API 620 (low-temperature tanks).
• Corrosion & Compliance: NACE MR0175 (ISO 15156), NACE MR0103 (ISO 17945), NACE TM0284 (HIC), NACE TM0177 (SSC), API 941 (high-temperature hydrogen service).
• General Requirements: ASTM A20 (plates), ASTM A530 (carbon/alloy steel pipe), ASTM A999 (stainless/high-alloy pipe), ASTM A1016 (boiler/heat-exchanger tubing).
2. Plates & Clad Plates (vessels, columns, shells)
• C-Mn vessel steels: ASME SA-516 Gr.60/65/70; EN 10028-3 P355NL/P460NL; GB/T 713 Q245R/Q345R.
• Q&T plates: ASME SA-537 Cl.1/Cl.2.
• Cr-Mo plates: ASME SA-387 Gr.11/12/22/5/9/91/92; EN 10028-2 16Mo3, 13CrMo4-5, 10CrMo9-10.
• Stainless & duplex plates: ASME SA-240 (304L, 316L, 321, 347, 904L, S32205, S32750); GB/T 24511.
• Clad plates: ASME SA-263/SA-264/SA-265 (stainless, nickel-based, and Cu-Ni cladding on carbon steel).
3. Piping & Fittings (process lines, off-sites, exchanger tubes)
• Seamless carbon & low-temperature: ASME SA-106 (high-temperature), ASME SA-333 (LTCS); line pipe: API 5L PSL1/PSL2.
• Cr-Mo alloy: ASME SA-335 (P5, P9, P11, P22, P91, P92).
• Austenitic & ferritic stainless pipe: ASME SA-312; boiler/heat-exchanger tubes: ASME SA-213; general SS tubing: ASTM A269; duplex SS pipe/tube: ASTM A789; large-diameter EFW SS: ASME SA-358.
• General requirements: ASTM A530/A999/A1016.
• Butt-weld fittings: ASME B16.9; material specs: ASME SA-234 (CS/AS), ASME SA-403 (austenitic SS), ASTM A815 (duplex SS).
• Flanges: ASME B16.5/B16.47; materials: ASME SA-105/SA-350 LF2 (CS/LTCS), ASME SA-182 (SS/AS).
• Pipe dimensions: ASME B36.10M (CS), ASME B36.19M (SS).
4. Fired Heaters & Cast Tubes
• Centrifugally cast heat-resistant tubes: ASTM A608 (HK, HP, HP-Nb, etc.), static castings: ASTM A297; nickel-based castings: ASTM A494 (e.g., CW-6MC 625, CW-12MW C-276).
5. Tanks & Structures
• Tanks: API 650, API 620; structures: ASTM A36/A572; coatings: ISO 12944; thermal spray metallic coatings: ISO 2063.
III. Scenario—Material—Standard—Size Mapping (quick text guide)
1. Hydrotreating/Hydrocracking (high-temperature H2, sour)
• Vessels/plates: SA-387 Gr.22/Gr.11 or 3Cr-1Mo to API 934/API 941; typical thickness 30–180 mm.
• Piping: SA-335 P22/P11/P9/P91; fittings SA-234 WP22/11/91; flanges SA-182 F22/F91; ASME B36.10M sizes NPS ½–36.
• Exchanger tubes: SA-213 T22/T91 or SA-213 TP321H/TP347H, OD 19.05–38.1 mm.
• Compliance: NACE MR0103/ISO 17945; hardness and HIC/SSC as required.
2. Delayed Coking (heavy feed, solids, thermal cycling)
• Plates: SA-516 Gr.70 or SA-537 Cl.2; high-temperature areas may use SA-387 Gr.11/22; 25–140 mm typical.
• Piping: SA-106 Gr.B/SA-335 P11/P22; CUI controls on insulated lines.
3. FCC Units (erosion, thermal gradients)
• Shells & piping: SA-516/SA-387 combinations; high erosion zones with high-Cr alloys or liners.
• Air/Flue: SA-240 310S/347H or liners.
4. Chlorides/Acidic Services (sour water, amine, Cl-)
• SS lines: SA-312 TP316L/904L; duplex A789 S32205/S32750 for seawater; OD NPS ½–24.
• Exchangers: SA-213 TP316L/TP904L; duplex or Ni-alloy (e.g., Alloy 625) when required.
• Compliance: NACE MR0175/ISO 15156; G48 pitting and A262 IGC where applicable.
5. Fired Heaters (radiant/convection sections)
• Radiant tubes: ASTM A608 HP/HP-Nb-mod/HK, OD 60–180 mm, WT 6–30 mm.
• Convection and manifolds: A608 or SA-213/SA-312 per design.
6. Off-sites: Storage & Cross-country Lines
• Line pipe: API 5L PSL2 (X52–X70), OD 114.3–1219 mm; coating and CP per design.
• Tanks: API 650, plates SA-36/SA-283/SA-516; thickness 6–40 mm.
7. Utilities (steam, cooling water, inert gas)
• Steam/drains: SA-106/SA-335; cooling water/fire water: CS or SS per corrosivity and life targets.
IV. Size Range & Tolerances (ordering window)
1. Plates & Clad Plates
• Thickness 6–200 mm; width 1.5–3.5 m; length 6–24 m; tolerances per ASTM A20 or EN 10029.
2. Seamless & Welded Pipe
• NPS ½–48; stainless OD typically 6–660 mm; length 5–12 m; tolerances per ASTM A530/A999/A1016 and the product spec.
3. Heat-Exchanger Tubes
• OD 12.7–38.1 mm; WT 0.8–3.0 mm; length 6–24 m; tolerances per ASTM A1016 and the relevant material spec.
4. Centrifugally Cast Tubes
• OD 60–300 mm; WT 6–30 mm; length 3–12 m; geometry and machining allowance as agreed.
5. Fittings & Flanges
• Per ASME B16.9/B16.5/B16.47; flange bore must match pipe NPS×Schedule.
V. Manufacturing & Critical Controls
1. Plates & Clad Plates
• Clean steelmaking, homogenization, Q&T or normalized and tempered; heavy-wall Cr-Mo per API 934 with step-cooling if applicable.
2. Pipe & Fittings
• Seamless: piercing/hot-rolling or extrusion, optional cold-work and heat treatment; welded pipe with qualified WPS/PQR, PWHT, and NDE.
3. Stainless & Duplex
• Solution anneal and water quench; control ferrite and deleterious phases; pickle and passivate.
4. Centrifugal Cast Tubes
• Control pour temperature, speed, solidification, and heat-treat curves; optional aluminizing/anti-carburization coatings.
5. Traceability
• Heat-to-product traceability; full CMTR (EN 10204 3.1/3.2), heat-treatment charts, NDE records.
VI. Quality & Documentation
• Chemistry and PMI; mechanicals (YS, UTS, El, CVN); hardness (sour limits); HIC/SSC (NACE TM0284/TM0177); IGC (ASTM A262), G48 (duplex); UT/RT/PT/MT/ET to ASME and EN ISO 10893; pressure/leak tests per spec; full documentation (3.1/3.2 with optional TPI).
VII. Supply Forms & Packaging
• Plates/coils; seamless & welded straight pipe, U-tubes, coiled tubing, induction bends, flanges, fittings, centrifugal cast tubes, clad plates; plastic end caps, VCI/oil rust-prevention, wooden cases/steel pallets, labels/barcodes, marine securing.
VIII. RFQ Checklist
1. Service & media: temperature, pressure, hydrogen partial pressure, H2S/Cl-, corrosion rate, life target.
2. Standards & editions: design/material standards with years (ASME, API, ASTM, EN, GB), general requirements (A20/A530/A999/A1016).
3. Grades & condition: grade, heat-treat condition, cleanliness (e.g., Ca-treatment, HIC).
4. Size & tolerances: OD×WT×L or T×W×L; bore/end prep, ovality/eccentricity.
5. Inspection & documents: NDE ratio, HIC/SSC, IGC/G48, pressure/leak tests, TPI, MTC 3.1/3.2.
6. Protection & packing: coating/lining, end caps/moisture protection, lifting & transport.
IX. Material Selection Tips
• High-temperature hydrogen/sour: Cr-Mo steels (2.25Cr-1Mo, 3Cr-1Mo, 9Cr-1Mo) per API 934/API 941.
• Chlorides/mild acids: 316L/904L; harsher services with duplex S32205/S32750 or Ni-alloys.
• Tanks/off-sites: API 5L PSL2 line pipe and API 650 plates.
• Fired heaters: ASTM A608 HP/HK centrifugal cast tubes.
• Utilities/common services: SA-106, SA-333, SA-312.
X. Procurement, Construction & O&M Risks
• Using API 5L directly under B31.3 without suitability and Erosion/Corrosion checks.
• Ignoring API 941/API 934; inadequate PWHT/step-cooling on heavy-wall Cr-Mo.
• Misusing 304/316 in sour/chloride services; no hardness control or HIC/SSC tests.
• Duplex without G48/ferrite verification; SS welds without pickling/passivation.
• Flange bore not matched to pipe schedule, causing step erosion.
• CUI segments without coating/insulation interface management.
XI. Representative Spec Lines (ready to paste)
1. Heavy-wall reactor plate
“Plate: ASME SA-387 Gr.22 Cl.2, T=120 mm×W=3000 mm×L=12000 mm; Q&T; UT per ASTM A578 Level C; supplied per API 934; CMTR EN 10204 3.2.”
2. High-temperature hydrogen piping
“Pipe: ASME SA-335 P22 SMLS, NPS 12×Sch80×12 m; B36.10M; NDE per ITP; bevel per B16.25; CMTR 3.1.”
3. Sour-service stainless branch
“Pipe: ASME SA-312 TP316L, NPS 6×Sch40×6 m; NACE MR0103 compliant; IGC per ASTM A262 E; CMTR 3.1.”
4. Duplex seawater cooling loop
“Pipe: ASTM A789 S32205, OD 168.3 mm×WT 4.8 mm×6 m; G48 Method A pass; 100% PMI; CMTR 3.2.”
5. Fired-heater radiant tube
“Centrifugally cast tube: ASTM A608 HP-Nb-mod, OD 114.3 mm×WT 12.7 mm×6 m; solution-annealed & NDE per contract; optional aluminizing; CMTR 3.1.”
6. Tanks & pipelines
“Plate: SA-516 Gr.70 for API 650, T=20 mm; line pipe: API 5L PSL2 X65, OD 406.4 mm×WT 9.5 mm; coating & CP per design; CMTR 3.1.”
XII. Representative Global Producers (by category, examples)
• Plates & alloy plates: Dillinger, Industeel (ArcelorMittal), Nippon Steel, JFE Steel, POSCO, Baosteel, HBIS, ThyssenKrupp.
• Seamless & welded pipe: Tenaris, Vallourec, Nippon Steel/Sumitomo, Jindal, TPCO, Baosteel, Changbao, Tubacex (SS & high-alloy).
• Centrifugal cast tubes: Schmidt + Clemens, Manoir Industries, qualified regional foundries.
• Fittings & flanges: Galperti, leading regional forges and mills (project-based).
Note: Final availability and manufacturing windows per mill data and contract.
Refinery Steel( Pipes, Fittings & Flanges) ｜Technical Specifications
1) Product Definition & Scope of Use
• Scope. Metallic piping systems within new/revamp refinery units—pipes, butt-weld/socket-weld/threaded fittings, flanges, gaskets & fasteners, lined / weld-overlaid / clad pipes—covering CDU/VDU, delayed coking, hydrotreating/hydrocracking, reforming, FCC, amine & sour water, SRU/Claus, utilities, tank farms, and LPG low-temperature service.
• Service characteristics. High-temperature/high-pressure hydrogen, wet H₂S/acidic water, chlorides, naphthenic acid corrosion (NAC), high-temperature sulfidation, ammonia/ammonium salts, acid dew-point corrosion, thermal cycling, erosion and solid impingement.
2) Codes & Standards Matrix (top-down)
Top-level design / in-service
• ASME B31.3 (process piping); off-plot pipelines: ASME B31.4 (liquids) / B31.8 (gases).
• In-service & integrity: API 570 (piping inspection), API 571 (damage mechanisms), API RP 578 (PMI).
Materials mechanisms / practice guides
• API 941 (materials in high-temp/high-pressure hydrogen; Nelson Curves).
• API RP 939-C (avoid sulfidation failures; evaluate NAC & high-temp sulfidation).
• API RP 751 (HF alkylation—materials & construction).
Sour (wet H₂S) compliance & tests
• NACE MR0103 / ISO 17945 (refining/chemical); upstream uses MR0175 / ISO 15156.
• Optional tests: NACE TM0177 (SSC) / TM0284 (HIC) / TM0316 (four-point bend).
Dimensions / pressure rating / connections
• ASME B36.10M / B36.19M (pipe dimensions), ASME B16.5 / B16.47 (flanges), ASME B16.9 / B16.11 (butt-weld / socket-weld & threaded fittings), ASME B16.20 / 16.21 (gaskets), MSS SP-97 (branch connections).
• Fasteners: ASTM A193 / A194 / A320; flange facings RF / RTJ per project.
Product & material standards (examples)
• Pipe: ASTM A106 / A53 (CS), A333 (LTCS), A335 (Cr-Mo P5/P9/P11/P22/P91, etc.); A312 (austenitic SS), A358 (austenitic thick-wall EFW); A790 / A928 (duplex), B622/B444/B423 (Ni-base & specialty).
• Fittings: A234 (CS/low alloy), A403 (austenitic SS), A815 (duplex), B366 (Ni-base).
• Flanges/forgings: A105 (CS), A350 LF2 (LT), A182 Fxx (alloy/SS), A694 (high-strength) as needed.
• China common: GB 9948 (seamless steel tubes for petroleum cracking), GB 6479 (seamless tubes for high-pressure fertilizer equipment), GB/T 14976 (SS seamless tubes for fluids), GB/T 13296 (SS boiler/heat-exchanger tubes), HG/T 20592–20635 (flanges/gaskets/fasteners).
3) Material Families & Grades (with applicability notes)
• Carbon steel (CS). ASTM A106 Gr.B/C, A53 (utilities / low pressure steam); LTCS A333 Gr.6 (LPG −46 °C class).
• Cr-Mo (CSEF) alloys. A335 P5/P9/P11/P22/P91/P92 (steam / high-temp sulfidation / hot-hydrogen—qualify to API 941; strict welding + PWHT and hardness control).
• Austenitic stainless. 304L/316L/317L/321/347/304H/316H/347H/904L (select by medium, temperature, post-weld sensitization, high-temp oxidation).
• Duplex / super duplex. 2205 (S32205) / 2507 (S32750) / Zeron 100 (S32760) (seawater / high-Cl⁻ velocity / amine tail gas / REAC).
• Nickel & Ni-base / specialty. Alloy 825 (B423) / 625 (B444) / 800H/800HT (B407) / C-276 / C-22 (B622) / Monel 400 (B165) (acidic / chlorides / high-temperature and HF alkylation).
• Lined / overlaid / clad. PTFE/PFA lining (F1545); 625/347 internal weld overlay or metallurgically clad solutions for severe corrosion / hot hydrogen / high-temp sulfidation locales.
4) Dimensions, Pressure Ratings & Tolerances (text form)
• Size envelope. NPS 1/2–24 common (B16.5 flange range), 26–60″ per B16.47; wall by Sch 5S/10S/40/80/160/XXS or B31.3 calculated thickness + corrosion allowance.
• Ends. PE/BE, BW, SW, THD, flange facings RF/RTJ; lined pipe is typically flanged-to-flanged.
• General tolerances / inspections. ASTM A999 / A530 / B829 for OD/WT/ovality/straightness/length, flattening/flare, hydrotest or equivalent ED (electrical) tests.
5) Manufacturing, Welding & Heat Treatment (key points)
• Pipe making. Seamless (pierce hot-roll / hot-extrude + cold work); welded HFW/SAW/EFW/laser. Thick-wall austenitic often uses A358 EFW (RT coverage per Class).
• Heat treatment. Austenitic solution anneal ≥1040 °C and rapid quench; duplex solution anneal ensuring phase balance; CSEF steels normalize + temper and PWHT after welding; Ni-base / Monel anneal per grade.
• Surface / cleanliness. For SS/duplex: ASTM A380 / A967 pickling + passivation; pressure-test water Cl⁻ limit (often ≤50 mg/L, project specific); dry & preserve; no halogenated cleaners.
• Overlay / cladding. Internal 625/347 overlays with controlled dilution/composition/hardness; pipe from clad plate per project/Owner spec.
• HF units. Monel 400 consumables; carbon-steel areas must meet RP 751 residual elements / hardness, etc.; gaskets/bolts compatible with HF.
6) Service → Material → Standard: Quick Mapping (text)
Use as a selection starting point. Finalization requires checks on T/P, medium (Cl⁻, TAN, NH₄HS, H₂S/CO₂ partial pressures), redox, velocity, stress, life, and Owner specs.
1. CDU/VDU overhead & reflux (wet H₂S + HCl + chloride salts condensate):
→ 316L/317L; if Cl⁻ or stress high → 2205; extreme → Alloy 825. Mind Cl-SCC (risk ↑ at ≥60 °C); duplex / super-austenitic preferred.
2. CDU/VDU bottoms & heavy oil lines (NAC + high-temp sulfidation):
→ P5/P9 or CS + 625/347 internal overlay/clad; reference API RP 939-C & API 571 (interplay of TAN, velocity, sulfur).
3. Hydrotreating/hydrocracking (reactor in/out, separators, H₂ headers; HTHA/NH₄HS):
→ Hot hydrogen trunks: P22 / 3Cr-1Mo-V per API 941; REAC / cold end: 2205 / Alloy 825; hardness control per MR0103; strict PWHT.
4. FCC (regenerator / air systems / hot end):
→ 304H/321/347/800H/800HT/310S, chosen by temperature and gas atmosphere (CO/CO₂/O₂/S).
5. Delayed coker (hot end / erosion):
→ P5/P9 with local alloy overlays; control velocity / solids erosion.
6. SRU/Claus (high-temp section / acid dew point):
→ High-temp 800H/800HT/310S or CS + refractory lining; cold end 316L/825; avoid 316L in high-temp reducing sulfur atmospheres.
7. HF alkylation (anhydrous HF):
→ Monel 400 in acid area; HF-qualified CS in non-acid area; comply with API RP 751 throughout.
8. Amine / sour water SWS/ARU (NH₄HS / amine degradation products):
→ Controlled CS / 316L; REAC and high-NH₄HS → 2205/825; corrosion closely linked to NH₄HS concentration / velocity / temperature.
9. LPG low temperature (−46 °C class):
→ A333 Gr.6; flanges A350 LF2; fittings A420 WPL6 (Charpy compliant).
10. Utilities—steam:
→ P11/P22/P91 (steam loops only); not automatically acceptable for hydrogen—still verify to API 941.
7) Key Performance Indicators & Clauses (for technical agreements)
• Mechanical. Yield / tensile, impact (LTCS per A333/A350/A420), CSEF hardness and creep data (P91/P92).
• Hardness (sour). For MR0103, control base/weld/HAZ hardness (typ. ≤22 HRC or equivalent); define methods and sampling.
• Corrosion. Provide CPT/CRE (ASTM G48), IGC (ASTM A262), ASTM A923 for duplex as needed; embed amine / NH₄HS / Cl⁻ / TAN windows in the material recommendations.
• PMI. 100% PMI on critical alloys/welds per API RP 578; prioritize Ni-base / duplex / 6Mo / Monel zones.
• Overlay / clad. Specify minimum effective thickness, chemistry (Fe%/Ni%), hardness cap, dilution control; simulate corrosion in representative media if required.
• Corrosion allowance & bends. Define by medium/service life (common starting range 1.6–3 mm, to be engineered).
8) Quality Control & Inspection (ITP backbone)
• General. Apply A999 / A530 / B829 clauses; dimensions/visual/flattening/flaring; per-piece hydrotest or equivalent ED.
• NDE. Weld RT/UT/TOFD; thin-wall austenitic may use ET; A358 thick-wall per Class for RT extent.
• Low temperature. A333 impact (−46 °C or project MDMT); matching A350 LF2 flanges and A420 WPL6 fittings.
• Sour specifics. Execute SSC/HIC (TM0177/TM0284) and hardness surveys per contract.
• Documentation. EN 10204 3.1/3.2, heat-treat charts, original NDE, pressure/leak tests, PMI, pickling/passivation & dry preservation records, third-party witness (BV/LR/TÜV/SGS).
9) Delivery & Packing
• Preservation. End caps/blinds; SS/duplex dried and preserved; no halogenated rust inhibitors.
• Marking. Standard / grade / size / heat no. / manufacturing route (SMLS/EFW/SAW) / NDE class / sour compliance / hardness limits.
• Packaging. Crates/steel bands/moisture barriers with desiccant; lined / Monel / Ni-base items individually protected and segregated.
10) Ordering & Technical Agreement (Checklist—paste-ready)
1. Codes. ASME B31.3; in-service API 570; (for off-plot) B31.4/B31.8.
2. Products & grades. e.g., Pipe: ASTM A335 P22 / A333 Gr.6 / A312 TP316L / A790 S32205 / B622 N10276; Fittings: A234/A403/A815; Flanges: A105/A350 LF2/A182 Fxx.
3. Dimensions / ends. NPS × Sch or OD × WT × L, bend radii; end finish (BW/SW/THD / RF/RTJ).
4. Manufacture / heat treatment. SMLS/EFW/SAW, solution annealing / normalize-temper / PWHT after welding.
5. Sour compliance. MR0103 / ISO 17945 with hardness limits; (MR0175 only for upstream).
6. Hydrogen service. Submit API 941 assessment (temperature/pressure window and material class).
7. NDE / pressure. RT/UT/TOFD extent & acceptance; per-piece hydro / pneumatic as applicable.
8. Corrosion / phase tests. A262 (austenitic), A923 (duplex), G48 (if needed), HIC/SSC (as contracted).
9. PMI / documentation. PMI scope & method; MTC 3.1/3.2, NDE/pressure/heat-treat records, pickling/passivation & dry preservation logs, TPI list.
10. Special units. HF (RP 751), SRU/Claus, NAC (RP 939-C) special clauses & vendor qualification.
11. Packing & marking. End protection, moisture control, batch traceability, lifting & sea-freight bracing.
11) Construction Quality & Risk Checklist
• Material mix-ups. Segregate Ni-base / Monel / duplex / 6Mo / Ti from CS; 100% PMI at critical points.
• Chloride contamination of SS/duplex. No chloride-bearing cleaners; document test-water Cl⁻ limit and drying.
• Duplex welding. Control heat input / interpass; ASTM A923 or ferrite checks post-weld as specified.
• CSEF (P91/P92). Strict control of thermal history / hardness and PWHT; avoid misapplication outside hydrogen windows.
• HF units. Only RP 751-approved materials & construction; gasket/bolt compatibility and leak control.
• NAC & erosion. For high TAN + high velocity, specify internal lining/overlays and geometry optimization (elbows/tees/reducers).
• Acid dew point / cold-end corrosion. Align SRU/stack cold-end materials with insulation/heat tracing.
• Gaskets/fasteners. Select to B16.20/B16.21, match facing; for A193/A194 control hydrogen embrittlement and lubrication.
12) Sample Spec Lines (CN–EN original rewritten in EN; paste-ready for RFQ/PO)
• Hydroprocessing—hot high-pressure hydrogen trunk (sour + HTHA)
“Pipe, ASTM A335 P22, NPS 8″ Sch 80, SMLS, MR0103-compliant, max 22 HRC; WPS/PWHT per ASME IX & project spec; API 941 Nelson-curve assessment attached; welds 100% RT/UT; hydro per ASME B31.3; PMI per API RP 578; MTC EN 10204 3.2.”
• CDU overhead reflux (Cl⁻ / H₂S condensate)
“Pipe, ASTM A312 TP316L (or A790 S32205 when Cl⁻ is high), NPS 6″ Sch 10S, EFW Class 1, solution-annealed & pickled/passivated per ASTM A380/A967; ASTM A262 Practice E pass (if specified); hydro per A999; MTC 3.1.”
• REAC / high-NH₄HS cold end
“Pipe, ASTM A790 S32205, NPS 10″ Sch 40S, SMLS; ASTM A923 (A/B/C) pass; 100% PMI; hydro per A999. Flanges A182 F51 Class 300; gaskets per ASME B16.20 spiral-wound SS/graphite.”
• LPG export (−46 °C)
“Pipe, ASTM A333 Gr.6, NPS 12″ Sch 40, SMLS; flanges A350 LF2 Class 300; fittings A420 WPL6; Charpy @ −46 °C; NDE per ITP; MTC 3.1.”
• HF alkylation—acid area
“Pipe & fittings, Monel 400 (B165/B366), NPS per isometrics, annealed; welds 100% RT; leak test per spec; API RP 751 compliant. Flanges B564 N04400; gaskets/PTFE per RP 751.”
13) Global Manufacturer Landscape (representative; verify project pre-qual / 3.2 / TPI capability)
• Seamless CS/low-alloy pipe. Tenaris, Vallourec, Nippon Steel/JFE, TMK, TPCO, Baowu group, Changbao/Hengyang.
• Stainless/Ni-base (pipes/heat-exchanger tubes). Alleima (ex-Sandvik), Tubacex / Tubos Reunidos, BUTTING, Salzgitter Mannesmann Stainless, Jiuli, Tsingshan, RathGibson, Fine Tubes.
• LSAW / large-diameter (incl. clad). EEW Group, BUTTING (clad/lined), Jindal SAW, etc.
• Butt-weld fittings. IBF, Tectubi Raccordi, Benkan, M.E.G.A., Erne Fittings, and compliant PRC suppliers.
• Flanges/forgings. ULMA, Galperti, Metalfar, Ishikawajima, plus qualified makers in CN/IN/JP (check PED / ISO 9001 / TÜV AD 2000).
• Weld overlay / cladding. NobelClad (explosion-bonded plate), and multiple qualified weld-overlay/lining specialists (project-specific qualification).
Recommendation: in technical bids require third-party witnessing (BV/LR/TÜV/SGS), EN 10204 3.2 capability, 100% PMI for critical alloys, and defined ITP witness points.
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